Is w a subspace of the vector space? If not, state why. w is the set of all vectors in R³ whose second component is -4.

a) Yes, it is a subspace.
b) No, it is not a subspace because it does not contain the zero vector.
c) No, it is not a subspace because it is not closed under addition.
d) No, it is not a subspace because it is not closed under scalar multiplication.