3) orbitals can hold two electrons provided they are spinning in the same direction
We define an orbital in chemistry as a region in space where there is a high probability of finding an electron.
Each orbital holds a maximum of two electrons which spin in opposite direction according to Pauli exclusion principle.
According to this principle no two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers. As a result, the spin quantum numbers of two electrons in the same orbital must differ hence they spin in opposite directions.
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