The characteristics of enzymes are numerous. Some of these characteristics include, but are not limited to;
- They consist of proteins primarily
- They are specific in the kind of substrate they act on
- They catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactant. Thus, they provide an alternate but shorter route for reactants to get to products.
- Due to their proteinous nature, enzymes can easily be denatured by excessive temperature, acidity, alkalinity, or toxic chemicals.
- Some enzymes (apoenzymes) require co-enzymes in order to function. The coenzymes are non-organic and are required to bind to the apoenzymes in order for them to function as proper enzymes.
- Some enzymes have the ability to catalyze reversible reactions
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