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The escape sequence \n represents the newline character, which causes the cursor to position to the beginning of the next line on the screen.

A newline is a symbol that denotes the end of one line of text and the start of a new line. Because all text was on one line on the early computers, an ASCII code was developed to denote a new line. Different languages and systems use the symbol "n" to represent the newline character, however a newline is only kept in files as a single character, as the name implies. In character encoding specifications like ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, etc., newline is a control character or group of control characters. The end of a line of text and the beginning of a new one are indicated by newline character, or a series of related characters.

Learn more about the newline character here:

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