A fundamental methodology used in art history that involves close looking is known as Formalism.
Each method is a unique perspective that helps you understand aspects of your artwork. Each person brings their own perspective to art, but keeping the method in mind will help you fully understand the work. Formalism is the study of the components of art through the analysis and comparison of the colors, lines, shapes, textures, and other purely visual elements of works.
Iconographic analysis also seeks to understand what the work of art meant at the time it was created. Iconography asks, "What is the purpose of this work of art?" and looks for recognizable symbols that convey purpose, such as religious iconography or symbols of wealth and power.
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