Respuesta :
Neisseria meningitidis is capable of triggering sporadic disease outbreaks by B) capsular switching,
What is Neisseria meningitidis and how does it spread?
Neisseria meningitidis is an encapsulated, aerobic, gram-negative diplococcus bacteria that can cause meningitis and other meningococcal diseases. Neisseria meningitidis is the most common cause of sepsis and meningitis is in newborns, young children, and adolescents, and results in significant morbidity and mortality globally.
One in ten persons are carriers of the Neisseria meningitidis bacteria in their throat and back of nose without being unwell. By exchanging lung and throat secretions such as saliva or spit, humans can transmit the Neisseria meningitidis bacteria to others. In most cases, close or prolonged contact such as kissing or coughing is required to spread these microorganisms. The bacteria cannot be acquired by inadvertent touch or by breathing air that has been exposed to a person who has a meningococcal disease.
The main determinant determining the virulence of Neisseria meningitidis is its polysaccharide capsule. Serogroup specificity and consequent pathogenicity of the bacteria are caused by the structure of the capsular polysaccharides. Neisseria meningitidis can modify its capsular phenotype through a process called capsular switching. Neisseria meningitidis bacteria acquire a new capsule operon by horizontal gene transfer in order to create strains with higher virulence.
Therefore, Neisseria meningitidis is capable of triggering sporadic disease outbreaks by B) capsular switching,
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